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G-code (also RS-274) is a language in which people tell computerized machine tools how to make something. The "how" is defined by g-code instructions provided to a machine controller (industrial computer) that tells the motors where to move, how fast to move, and what path to follow. The most common situation is that, within a machine tool, a cutting tool is moved according to these instructions through a toolpath and cuts away material to leave only the finished workpiece. The same concept also extends to noncutting tools such as forming or burnishing tools, photoplotting, additive methods such as 3D printing, and measuring instruments.

CNC is an acronym for "Computer Numerical Control" or "Computerized Numerical Control". The word originaded by the acronym NC that means Numerical Control.  In modern English cnc has also acquired other meanings that are not related to this topic and that we will not explain in this article.

Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) is the use of software and computer-controlled machinery to automate a manufacturing process.

List of M-codes commonly found on FANUC and similarly designed controls for milling and turning.

G-codes, also called preparatory codes, are any word in a CNC program that begins with the letter G. Generally it is a code telling the machine tool what type of action to perform, such as:

• Rapid movement (transport the tool as quickly as possible in between cuts)
• Controlled feed in a straight line or arc
• Series of controlled feed movements that would result in a hole being bored, a workpiece cut (routed) to a specific dimension, or a profile (contour) shape added to the edge of a workpiece
• Set tool information such as offset
• Switch coordinate systems

There are also other codes like for example the M-code.

Looking for a free online alternative to MakerCAM for your CNC machining projects? Look no further than JSCut! In this article, we'll introduce you to JSCut, an open-source online CAM software that allows you to generate G-code for your CNC machines with ease. Say goodbye to the discontinued MakerCAM and embrace JSCut's capabilities for a seamless CNC experience.